- Common slip-ups in Japan include talking loudly in public, tipping, and using chopsticks incorrectly.
- Many of these customs, like keeping quiet on trains, reflect deep cultural values.
- Learning a few local habits helps travelers show respect and enjoy smoother, more meaningful experiences.
Ah, the horror of the cultural faux pas. The hot twist of shame that keeps you up at night, cheeks burning and wondering if you should just grab your passport and make a midnight run for the border. I know the feeling well.
With its opaque rules and rigid customs, even the most conscientious traveler can put a foot wrong in Japan. While people are generally gracious about missteps, recent surges in tourist numbers are starting to strain that vaunted hospitality.
I’ve lived here for 20 years—here are 10 common mistakes to avoid on your next trip to Japan.
Having Bad Table Manners
A hand picks up sushi with chopsticks.
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Dining etiquette is a minefield, and the rules are different depending on the cuisine, but proper chopstick manners always make you look good. I’m not talking about being able to use them, although expect any level of proficiency to be greeted with effusive praise. I’m talking about where to put them.
When you aren’t eating, place chopsticks on the rest provided. In the case of disposable chopsticks, you can make a rest by folding the paper sleeve in half. Never stick them upright in a bowl of rice, as this symbolizes an offering to the dead. Don’t point to things with chopsticks or commit the double-dipping sin of taking food from a common plate with chopsticks that have been in your mouth.
Some other good tips for dining out: Do slurp noodles like ramen, eat nice sushi with your hands, and neatly fold up the oshibori hand towel after use. Don’t arrive late to a reservation, leave food uneaten, or wear strong scents, especially to kaiseki or sushi, where the chef will be highly protective of the subtle flavors.
Being Too Loud
Part of maintaining social harmony in space-starved Japan is literally keeping the peace. I almost never see Japanese people—well, sober ones anyway—having raucous conversations in public. This especially goes for phone conversations. It’s considered rude to answer one’s phone on public transport or in a restaurant, for example. Of course, you’ve got to let it all out sometime, and the volume goes way up in places like pubs, playgrounds, and festivals. The rule of thumb is to read the room and set your volume accordingly.
Creating Obstacles on Public Transit
A passenger awaits a train arriving in a station.
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Those videos you’ve seen of staff physically cramming people into trains? They’re real. Rush hour in Tokyo is no joke, as my bruised toes and crushed lungs can attest. So, bringing a giant suitcase on the train at 8 a.m. and parking it in front of the door isn’t going to win you any fans. Luckily, Japan has excellent next-day luggage delivery services, so pack an overnight carry-on and entrust oversized bags to the pros.
Even at off-peak times, avoid blocking the doors or ticket gates by standing to the side and hold backpacks in front of you so they don’t whack other passengers. Eating or drinking is also a no-go, except for long-distance services like the bullet train, where bringing a bento box is practically imperative.
One other point to remember is that trains don’t run 24/7 in Japan, even in big cities like Tokyo. Particularly for day trips to more rural areas, be sure to check the departure time for your last train so you don’t get stranded.
Not Carrying Cash
A person handing over Japanese Yen.
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During the pandemic, Japan got a lot better about accepting digital payments, but there are still lots of places that only want cold, hard cash, especially small businesses. I’ve seen many a tourist have to scramble to find an ATM when they realize they’ve just eaten a meal they can’t pay for. Just to be safe, always carry a bit of cash.
Also, Japanese people rarely pass money directly to a cashier, wanting to evade an awkward hand touch. Instead, there is a tray provided next to the register. It’s polite to put your cash on the tray and allow the cashier to pick it up. They’ll return your change the same way or cushioned on top of a receipt.
Trying to Tip
This one goes out especially to my fellow Americans: Leave the tipping culture at home. It is never expected in Japan for any service, and it just creates confusion. I’ve seen waitstaff chase customers down the street to return money left on the table. It’s like if you went to the supermarket and tried to tip the cashier—they’d just be confused and insist on giving you the correct change.
If someone really goes above and beyond, a small gift of appreciation like chocolate will usually be graciously accepted, particularly if it’s something representative of your hometown or that isn’t readily available in Japan. But again, none of this is expected, and a sincere thank you is appreciated just as much.
Getting the Gestures Wrong
Nonverbal communication can get non-Japanese speakers a long way, but be aware that not all gestures translate. A common miscommunication happens with beckoning. In Japan, a come-hither gesture is performed palm down with a flick of the fingers, which unfortunately looks a bit like how Europeans and North Americans communicate “Buzz off, jerk!” When signaling for the check, miming signing a bill will sometimes work, but the more standard gesture is to cross your index fingers in an X, indicating you don’t wish to order anything else. Finally, bowing with hands pressed in front of your chest: While this communicates gratitude in much of Southeast Asia, it looks like over-the-top pleading in Japan. A standard bow here is with hands at your sides or clasped neatly at the waist.
Trying to Open Taxi Doors
View of Kyoto through a taxi window.
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People often joke about Japan living in the future. When I first arrived, the automatic taxi door cemented that idea as gospel for me. The driver just hits a button and the door swings open to let you in, no need to juggle bags or touch hot metal. The same goes for alighting. Once you’ve paid, the door automatically swings open to let you out. Magic! Of course, the mechanism can get broken if mishandled, which is why drivers have a sharp word if you try to manually open the door.
In other taxi-related tips, drivers will usually insist on loading luggage in the trunk as part of their service. It’s okay to hail a taxi on the street so long as there is room to pull off, but you can generally find taxi ranks in front of stations and hotels. Uber does exist in Japan, but only in major cities. Also, it will only connect you with a taxi. A local app called Go is cheaper and more widely used.
Smoking in Public
Following a change to public health laws in 2020, smoking is pretty tightly restricted in Japan to prevent second-hand exposure. This means no smoking in public areas like restaurants and hotels except in designated smoking rooms. All train services, including long-distance bullet trains, are non-smoking. Smoking while walking on the street is banned, and police can hit you with an on-the-spot fine if they catch you lighting up. Screened smoking areas are usually found outside stations or other gathering spots, complete with bins for your butts. Vapes fall under the same rules. And note that e-liquids containing nicotine are not sold in Japan, but you can bring up to 120mL for personal use.
Not Respecting Shrines and Temples
Exterior of Kyoto’s Imperial Palace.
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Most Japanese people have a very loose relationship to religion compared to some Westerners, adopting practices from Buddhism, Shinto, and even Christianity. That doesn’t mean they don’t take it seriously, though. A common complaint among my Japanese friends is tourists’ lack of respect at shrines and temples.
Not just the buildings but also the grounds are considered sacred, so remove hats and sunglasses, moderate your volume, don’t take photos of ceremonies unless given express permission, and certainly don’t do gymnastics off the torii gates. Another pro tip: The center of the path under a torii is reserved for deities, so stand to the left or right when taking pictures.
Treating the Hot Spring Like a Pool
Visiting a hot spring or sento public bath is a literal immersion in a bathing culture that has lasted more than a millennium. It’s part of the social and spiritual fabric of life in Japan, where a long soak before bed is still a nightly practice in many households. But like everything, it has its rules.
The communal water is for soaking, so shower first to ensure you aren’t bringing in a day’s worth of sweat and grime. The small towel provided can be used as a washcloth. Some smaller facilities don’t have showers. In that case, use the little buckets provided to scoop up water from the bath and pour it over yourself where it won’t splash others. No swimsuits are allowed. It’s also bad form to let your towel touch the water, so many people rest it on their heads. Loud talking or splashing can disturb other bathers, so just slip into the water and keep your conversations to a murmur.